Gear-cutter



2 Sheets-Sheet 1. W. C. JONES.

GEAR GUTTER.

(No Model.)

170.367,047. Patented July 26, 1887.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

' W. C. JONES.

GEAR CUTTER.

` No. 367,047. y Patented July 26, 1887.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

W'ILLIS O. JONES, OF HAMILTON, OHIO.

GEAR-CUTTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 367,047, dated July 26, 1887.

Application filed December 30, 1886. Serial No. 22,968.

To all whom, it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, VILLIS C. JONES, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hamilton, in the county of Butler and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Gear-Cutters, of which the followingis a speciiication.

My invention relates to an improved machine for cutting the teeth of bevel gear-wheels of that class in which the teeth are formed by reciprocating cutters.

The objects of my improvement are to so arrange a pair of reciprocating cutters that their line of eut shall be practically in the same path, and to provide means whereby the gear-blank shall be automatically so presented to said cutters that alltof the cut surfaces of the teeth shall be on lines radial to a common center, all as hereinafter fully described.

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention.

Figure l is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a plan. Fig. 3 is an end elevation. Fig. 4. is a partial elevation of the side opposite that shown in Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a partial plan.

A designates the casting forming the bedframe, having two platens or tables, B and C.

D and E are a pair of sliding tool heads mounted in suitable parallel Ways in platen B. Rack-bars d and e are secured to the opposite sides of tool-heads Dand E,and between them, mounted on a stud projecting from the bed frame, is a pinion, F, arranged to intermesh with both rack-bars, the purpose being to cause the toolfheads to move in opposite directions when motion is imparted to one of them, as hereinafter described. A pair of cutters, 7L and 1'., are secured in opposite sides of the rer spective tool-heads. These cutters are adapted to cut on their lower ends and opposed edges, and are arranged so that their cutting-edges shall move as nearly as possible in the same path on a line central between the two. A

reciprocating motion is imparted to tool-head D by means of a crank-shaft, j, connecting-rod k, and lever Z.

H is a swinging frame, in which the gearblank I is mounted, the blank being secured to a mandrel, which is rigidly secured at one end to a revoluble spindle, J, mounted in one (No model.)

side of the frame, and is supported at the other end on a center, m.

Frame H is provided with journals, which rest in bearings in a pair of standards, a a, which rise from a circular base, o, the arrange ment being such that frame H may swing in a vertical plane between the standards. The base o is pivoted at its center to the platen C -ot' the bed-frame, so as to turn thereon in a horizontal plane, and an oscillating movement is imparted to the base o and the frame H, which it supports, by means of a rod, p, which is connected at one end to astud, q, pivoted to the base, and at the other end to thelower end of lever l.

For the purpose of controlling and adjusting the degree of oscillation in base o, a tapered gage-block, L, is arranged to move in vertical ways on the base, and a pair of set-screws, rr, are arranged in lugs projecting from the bedframe, so as to intercept the gageblock as it moves laterally with the base.

It will be observed that when the gage-block is slid downward, so that its narrow portion is opposite the set-screws, there will be a certain space between the edges of the gageblock and the ends of the screws. thus permitting a limited movement of the base, and that when the gage-block is drawn up, so as to present its wider portion between the screws, the movement ofthe base will be shortened.

For the purpose of raising the gage-block, a vertically-slotted arm, s, projects 'from the upper end of the gage-block, and a tapered block, t, mounted on a bar, u, is moved by means of a screw, o, transversely through the slotted arm, engaging its upper end. Said screw is turned by means of a ratchet-wheel, w, and pawl, as willbe hereinafter explained.

Secured to the outer end of spindle J, soias to revolve therewith, is a ratchet-wheel, N, which is turned step by step by means ot' a trip-lever, O, mounted on an arm projecting from frame H and engaging wheel N by means of the pawl I), which is pivoted to the triplever. The tripllever is actuated at each forward movement of the tool-head E by the toolhead coming in contact with the lower end of the lever. On the under side of ratchet-wheel N is a projection, 3, having its inner face ec- ICO centric to the periphery of the ratchetwheel. At each revolution of the ratchet-wheel said projection 3 engages the upper end of the lever 4, and in passing draws that end of the lever inward and operates through the lever a rod, 5, and bell-crank lever 6 to depress the rod 7, on which the pawl .r is mounted. The downward movement of rod 7 compresses a spiral spring, 8, so that when projection `3 has passed the lever rod 7 is drawn upward by the recoil of the spring and pawl x, engaging vthe ratchet-wheel w, screw o is turned, and bar u is pushed forward.

For the purpose of adjusting frame H to V the proper angle, a segmental arm, R, `is secured to the under side of the frame concentric with its axis. On this arm is adjustably secured a sliding head, S, having a pin, y,

which projects through a slot, a, in a fixed plate, T, mounted between the standards a n and into a slot, l, in a plate, U, which is adj ustably secured to the movable bar a. Plate 'U is secured to bar a by means of the bolt 2 in such a position that the slot `1 therein is more or lessinclined to the path of movement of bar a, the result being that as bar u is moved forward the pin g/` is moved along the slot z in the fixed plate T.

The operation of the machine is as followsz' The gear-blank, having been mounted on a mandrel, is secured'in frame H in such a position that the point of intersection of-'the linesof its beveled face when extended diametrically will be coincident with the point of intersect-ion of the axes of the frame H and spindle J. Cutters h and t' are now so adjusted that the line of the path of movement of their lower inner corners, as the tool-heads move back and forth, will, when extended, pass through the point of intersection of the axes of frame H and spindle J. Frame-H is now swung in its bearings, so as to bring the face of the gear blank a little above the path of the cutters, and is there secured'and held in position by the pin y and slotted plate U, the pin resting at the outer end of slot z in plate T. The machine being now started, the

lirst movement of the crank-.shaft operates to swing the lower end oflever Z toward the front of the machine, thus pushing rod p and turning the base o until gageblock L comes in contact with the farther setscrew r, thus stopping further movement of the base. Lever Znow swings on the inner end of rod p, and the upper end of the lever, moving forward, carries the tool-head D forward, and the cutter h takes a chip across the face of the blank, defining one edge of the space between the teeth. The return movement of leverZ first turns base o in the opposite direction ytill stopped by the opposite screw, r, thus moving the blank over sidewise the width of the desired space. forward by the backward movement of head l D, asbefore explained, and cutterr takes a The tool-head E is then moved` head E moves forward after the cutter has passed over the blank, it comes in contact with the lower end of the triplever O, thus turning, by means of the pawl P and ratchet-wheel N, the spindle J and the gear-blan'kforward one tooth. The teeth and spaces are thusoutlined insuccession to the depth ofa single chip around the entire periphery of the blank. Vhen the revolution of the blank is pezgly completed, the projection 3 engages levert" -Pin y is moved in Ward, and the blank is raised the depth of another chip. Block t is at the samel time pushed forward through arm s, thereby raising the gage-block L, thus shorteningthe oscillations of the 'gear-blank and narrowing the space between the teeth of the gear as it grows deeper. It will thus be seen that the shape of the teeth will depend on the outline of the tapered block t, and the depth of the space or length of the tooth will depend upon-the relation of the slot 1 in plate U to the line of movement of bar u, and that all the cut surfaces must be radial to the point where the axes of the gear-wheel and frame H and the line of movement of the cutters intersect.

I claim as my inventond l. In a gear-cutting machine, the' combination of the following elements, namely: a pair of tool-heads mounted side by side and arranged to slide in a suitable bed-frame, and each carrying a cutting-tool, a revoluble shaft mounted in said frame, intermediate mechanism connecting said tool heads and shaft, whereby the tool-heads are given areciprocating movement in opposite directions, a frame carrying a revoluble spindle adapted to rel ceive and hold a gear-blank in the path of movement of said cutting-tools, said frame being mounted so as to swing in avertical plane on a support which is pivoted to the bed-frame and arranged to turn thereon in a` horizontal plane, means for adj ustably securing said swinging frame at different degrees of inclination, and intermediate mechanism connecting said support and the shaft, wherebyl the support is oscillated,as described, all arranged to co-operate substantially as and for the purpose specified. l

2. The combination of the gear-blank support pivoted to the bed-frame so as to turn thereon in a horizontal plane, the pair of sliding tool-heads, the driving-shaft, and ntermediate mechanism connecting said support, tool-heads, and drivingshaft, whereby the support is first turned and the tool-heads then propelled by the revolution of the shaft, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination of the bed-frame having platen C, the support for the gear-blank IOO IIO

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mounted thereon so as to turn in a horizontal l termediatc mechanism connecting said ratchetplane, thetapered gage-block arranged to move vertically on said support, means for vertiA cally adjusting said gage-block, and a pair of stops projecting 'from the bed-frame on opposite sides and inthe path of the gage-block, all substantially as and for the purpose specified. 4. In a gear-cutting machine, the combina tion, with the base o and gage-block L, having the verticallyslotted arm s, of the tapered block t, bar u, and screw c, whereby the gagelolock is adjusted vertically.

` 5. The combination of the bed-frame having platen C, the support for the gear-blank mounted thereon so as to turn and oscillate in a horizontal plane, the tapered gage-block arranged to move vertically on said support and having a slotted arm, a pair of stops projecting from the bed-frame on opposite sides and in the path of the gage-block, the tapered block mounted on the transverse sliding bar and arranged to engage said slotted arm of the gageblock, the revoluble spindle adapted to hold and turn the gear-blank, the ratchet-Wheel secured to said spindle, means for turning said ratchetwh eel and spindle step by step, and inwheel and said sliding bar, whereby the bar and its tapered block are pushed farther under the slotted arm and the gage-block thereby raised at the completion ot' each revolution of the ratchet-wheel, all substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. The combination of the base o, having a pair of standards erected thereon, the frame H, arranged to swing on said standards and having the segment-arm R, the sliding head s, having pin y, the fixed plate T, having slot z, the movable plate U, having the inclined slot 1, the revoluble spindle J, mounted in frame H, the Wheel secured to said spindle, means for turning said wheel and spindle step by step, and intermediate mechanism connecting said wheel and movable plate, whereby the plate is moved forward at the completion of each revolution of the Wheel and the inclination of the frame H thereby changed, as and for the. purpose specified.

VILLIS C. JONES.

Witnesses:

Gnsrav KAFFENBERGER, WINFIELD S. ROGERS. 

